Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is characterized by the loss of cartilage in a joint. As a result, the joint is painful and may have stiffness and swelling.
Osteoarthritis was previously known as degenerative arthritis because it was thought to be a natural result of the cumulative wear and tear associated with aging. While it is true that osteoarthritis generally has its onset after age 40, we know now that there are a number of factors which contribute to its development. For example, genetics, gender, obesity, and previous joint trauma, all appear to have a role.
OA affects 25 million adults in the U.S. The joint most likely to cause symptoms is the knee. This is one of the reasons that when studies of OA are performed, the knee model is most often used. As we age, osteoarthritis becomes more likely. Women are two to three times more likely to have OA symptoms than men.
Other risk factors include injury, occurrence in other family members and certain occupations that require repetitive movement. A modifiable cause of OA is excess weight.